Notes on Do - 10 Things You Can Do With the Verb Do

Think of the word do as the utility infielder in the game of grammar: it can be called on to play any one of several different positions in a sentence. The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary offers 36 definitions of the verb do (not counting  its uses in countless phrases) and seven definitions of the noun. Both a lexical verb and one of the three primary auxiliaries, do (along with the forms does, did, and done) is the third most frequently used verb in English. As an auxiliary (or helping verb), do is sometimes called an empty verb or a dummy operator because it has no meaning of its own. But do have some respect for this dummy. As well see, do stays busy, and wed have a tough time communicating without it. Idioms and CollocationsAs a lexical verb, do indicates action of some kind and often hooks up with nouns denoting more specific activities. Here are some common do and done expressions: do an about-face, do any good, do as I say, do away with, do blindfolded, do the dishes, do a double take, do homework, do the honors, do in, do a job on, do justice to, do no good, do or die, do out of, do over, do tell, do time, do the trick, do up, do well, do withoutdone deal, done for, done in, done to death, done to a turn, easier said than done, good as done, over and done with, whats done is done, when all is said and doneSubstitutionsDo also functions as a pro-verb, filling in for any number of other verbs. The expressions do so, do it, and do that commonly refer to actions that have previously been identified: If you want to fire me, please do so.I had put off mailing the application and finally decided just to do it.She thought Id left without telling anyone, but I would never do that. All three expressions serve as substitutes for other verbs (in these examples, go, mail, and leave). Do so tends to be a tad more formal than do it and do that.Multiple DosIts not unusual for more than one do to show up in a sentence. How do you do?What do you do for a living?How do you find time to do all that you do? (Without resorting to doo doo jokes or the chorus to Lou Reeds Walk On The Wild Side, see if you can outdo that last example.)Wh- QuestionsIn many questions that begin with a wh- word (who, what, when, where, why, and—oops—how), a form of do comes before the main verb: What do you want?Where did Cheeta put the bananas? When did follows a wh- word, its often contracted to /d/ in informal speech and written as d: Whered Cheeta put the bananas?Yes-No QuestionsWe can fashion a yes-no question by placing a form of do in front of the subject: Do you enjoy listening to lectures?Does anybody know what time it is?Did your sister go out this morning? The use of do in questions is called do-support or do-insertion.NegativesBy adding not (or the contraction nt) to do, does, or did, we can create a negative sentence: Many workaholics do not enjoy their jobs.Casper doesnt believe in ghosts.Nyla didnt like the cold weather. In a negative imperative with the copula be, do not (or dont) appears in front of be: Do not be afraid.Dont be so self conscious. As you can see, present and past endings become part of do and not part of the main verb that follows it.Tag QuestionsA question added to a declarative sentence to check or clarify information is called a tag question. Customarily, a negative declarative takes a positive tag question, while a positive declarative takes a negative tag: You dont trust me, do you?You do miss me, dont you? When theres no auxiliary verb in the main clause, a form of the dummy operator do is used in the tag: Your sister loves to play pranks, doesnt she?EmphasisIn declarative sentences, do, does, and did can be used for emphas is: You do need to be honest with your child.Despite what you think, I did enjoy the play. In speech, emphatic do is usually stressed.ImperativesThe emphatic do can show up at the beginning of an imperative sentence, usually to make it sound less abrupt: Do stop by when youre in the neighborhood. But notice that this do isnt always so friendly: Do shut up, Hyacinth. Truth be told, this version of the emphatic do probably occurs more often in 19th-century novels than in actual conversations.In some cases, do can also replace the whole imperative: Ill see to it this evening, the lawyer said.Yes, please do, I said.Omissions in Comparative ClausesIn a comparative clause, we can use a form of do to avoid repeating part of the main clause: The Pritchetts work much harder than we do.Gloria drives much faster than Jay does. In these examples, do is considered a stranded operator--an auxiliary that stands alone without a main verb alongside it. Is this the final word on do? Hardly. For one thing, theres the extraordinarily vague do in the Nike slogan  Just do it. For another theres the do in Frank Sinatras scat line Do-be do-be do. Then theres Fred Flintstones memorable  exclamation, Yabba Dabba Do! But before things get too silly, this will simply have to do.

Professional Athletes Are The Best Health Compared With...

It is proved the time that professional athletes can perform is shorter than any other jobs. After their retirement and also during their career they suffer from a lot of diseases. Although professional athletes are said to have the best health compared with others, there are many problems that they have to cope with. The most common diseases of professional athletes are joint problems, heart diseases. Moreover, some athletes also overuse performance enhancing drugs as a way to increase their result in competitions and some of them are having unhealthy life style. It is important to understand what exactly the problems are and also to know how should athletes do to prevent themselves from having those problems. A lot of athletes suffer from joint problems, especially who perform in sports that causing high impact to their joint system. For example, running, body building, martial arts and gymnastic etc. If joint pains are not treated correctly and on time, there will be big problems and more extreme kind of joint diseases will occur. These problems are not only affect athletes when they are performing but also when they get older. There are many reasons of these problems among athletes. For example, athletes do not warm up in the right way or having done but not enough. They train too hard and do not have time to relax and also do not have enough time for their bodies to recover. Some of the reasons are performing lift badly and also do not take enough nutrients. Hence, itShow MoreRelatedConcussions and Student Athletes1135 Words   |  5 PagesIn sports, the best athletes are the individuals that give each team a chance to win every game. The bad news for the best athletes is that someti mes their health gets put second to their abilities. 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Henry Viii Influences On British Society free essay sample

In The Sixteenth Century Essay, Research Paper Henry VIII: Influence on British Society in the Sixteenth Century Final Outline Henry VIII: British Society in the Sixteenth Century I. Influence on royal tribunal A. Titles B. Serfdoms C. Taxes II. Influence on Lords A. Palaces B. Garrisons III. Influence on provincials A. Serfs B. Taxs C. Welfare of common people 1. Farmers 2. Workers IV. Influence on diplomatic negotiations A. France B. Scotland C. Ireland Fifty-six old ages, six married womans, eight kids, and a atrocious disease that consumed his life. Sound like a atrocious swayer to you? Henry VIII was one of the most influential and greatest swayers of all time known in Britain, or the universe alike. His royal tribunal was the centre of attending for all Renaissance civilization, and his land prospered and grew, in ways neer dreamed of earlier. He introduced the Protestant faith into Britain, and even forced it with the act of domination, which declared the Crown as caput of church and province. He was educated to go a reverend, but when all other qualified swayers died in his household, the Crown was passed to him. His male parent, Henry VII, and mother, Elizabeth of York, neer intended Henry to be King. Henry reigned from 1509, to his decease in 1547. One of his major achievements was his change of the royal tribunal. Before Henry VIII, rubrics were divided on footing of household. Henry changed that to do it so anyone, with adequate money, could keep a rubric in Britain. Titles before Henry VIII were few, and many people were merely common mans, even the rich. Henry foremost divided the high powered rubrics of Duke, Prince, and Earl, into a new system, supplying more rubrics and dividing up more land. At the underside of the list came the Lord rubric. The rubric of Lord was more a signifier of reference for a Marquis, earl, viscount, baron, or a younger boy of a duke, Marquis, or bishop. Next was the Baronet. This was a particular familial rank, above Knight, and below Baron. Baronets were required to pay 1,080 lbs for their privilege. Then came the Baron/Baroness. This was the lowest signifier of the baronage. This was normally applied to tenants-in-chief, the holders of land granted to them straight by the King. Then the Viscou nt/Viscountess. This was the rank below earl, and above baron. Originally a viscount was a sheriff of a shire and the Earl # 8217 ; s deputy. The Earl ( Count/Countess ) was the main royal representative in the shires. The Marquis/Marchioness was the rank above an earl, and below a duke. It was the Marquis # 8217 ; s occupation to supervise the shires, and guarantee the King of the Earl # 8217 ; s work. The highest rank, below the King himself, was the Duke/Duchess. The Duke was the expansive superintendent of a group of shires. He employed the ranks below him to command the shires. All ranks below reported straight to the Duke/Duchess who reported to the King. The rubric of King changed with Henry VIII every bit good. Henry # 8217 ; s matrimony to Catherine of Aragon was denied an revocation by the Catholic Pope. When this was denied, Henry made all loyal topics swear to the Act of Supremacy. This act declared the King # 8217 ; s crown caput of church and province. Henry # 82 17 ; s sole intent in this was to obtain a new married woman who might bear him the boy he yearned for. Those who chose non to curse to the act were executed. Another country Henry did off with was Serfdoms. Before Henry VIII, Serfdoms were big and broad spread, and controlled by one Lord. The helot were dreadfully oppressed, and no Torahs were set that would impact those who committed offenses against helot. Henry created the Manorial Lordship, making off with the Serfdoms for the most portion. A Manorial Lordship was purchased, non given. The rubric allowed the buyer, typically a Knight, to a little portion of a shire. The people populating inside it, were meant merely to pay a little revenue enhancement, and non forced into labour. The Lord so would construct a palace, engage tenants-in-chiefs, and run his Manor. Manorial Lordships rapidly spread throughout the state, and people became more free, and happier. Another subject that Henry addressed was revenue enhancements. Taxs in Britain at the clip were merely from those who controlled shires, for they received their revenue enhancements from the people under control of them. With the abolishment of serfhoods, and the input of Manorial Lordships, the Manorial Lord, and the King took revenue enhancements from the helot. Though this may look to be more revenue enhancements, the existent fee given to the Manorial Lord was rather low, and the King lupus erythematosus, so as to decrease revenue enhancements from the serfhood yearss. The King besides collected revenue enhancement from the Manorial Lord, and other coroneted Lords. This fee was dependent on the privileges and land of the rubric. With the creative activity of new rubrics, chiefly those being purchased, instead than being hereditarily transferred, Nobles sprouted out of Britain, at a rate neer seen earlier. Unlike Scotland in this clip, the Nobles were comparatively peaceable, and got along instead good. One conjecture as to why this was was that Henry could non stand his ain Nobleman moving like barbarians and contending with each other. With the execution of Manorial Lordships, and the abolishment of Serfdoms, Nobles were faced with a new job, who to construct their palaces? Castle edifice before Henry was left to serfs, and non paid for at all by the Baron himself. It was expected of the helot to execute the edifice for their Lord. With Serfdoms abolished, Nobles had to travel in hunt both in their lands, and throughout Britain, for a skilled designer, every bit good as tonss of skilled workers, stuffs, and the 100s of manual labourers needed to build the monolithic palace. From therefore Forth, the stereot yped rock palace was left largely to those of huge wealth and rubric. Most Lords, were non affluent plenty to afford a palace, would construct themselves a stone Keep. The Keep was the centre edifice of a palace, inside the outer walls. The Lords did non lose much in the manner of land, but they lost the power, and the feeling of security, that the huge, 25 pes midst rock walls of the palace provided. Another typical edifice built by the less affluent Lords, was the Norman Tower. This edifice came from a Norman design, therefore the name. The tower was taller than broad, typical of most edifices of the clip. It had big Fe bars, that lowered downward, alternatively of the usual horizontally mounted wooden Gatess of the palace. Inside the tower, was a big cellar below, which was the centre of the edifice. Above the cellar, were many floors, including the typical suites of the kitchen, armoury, sleeping rooms, and so forth. Most Lords preferred the support, because it was larger in bre adth than the tower, which was a larger mark of power to them. Nobles, of class, employed skilled soldiers to watch over their supports and manors. These were known as forts. With the comparatively peaceable times of the Lords during Henry # 8217 ; s reign, forts were cut down drastically. Before Henry, Lords would frequently hold extended forts of soldiers of luck. It would include crossbowman and bowmans, hosts of pikeman and fencer, and the Baronial Knights, merely for the palace. The largest of manors would good keep two 1000 plus soldiers runing from assorted reservess, to mounted Knights, the really image of the in-between ages. Lords sliced their forts much during Henry # 8217 ; s reign. Keep forts would frequently merely consist of a set of crossbowman, a big division of bowmans, and one to five regiments of pikeman and fencer. This would depend upon the size of the support and the part the baronial controlled. The more militant Lords, in northern England, and Scotland, still employed big forts, but they were cut down in size. Manor gu ards were besides reduced during Henry # 8217 ; s reign . Nobles normally would hold their ain reserves ( armed provincials ) , ten or so regiments of pikeman and fencer, horse, bowmans, and the Lord’s knights. While this still may look a big fort, the latter forts were much more huge, and consisted of a wider assortment of military personnels. Peasants were another group strongly influenced by Henry. Before Henry, provincials were all those who did non keep rubric, but were non serfs. Henry changed all that. With the abolishment of Serfdoms, the provincials became vaster, now being judged on money and rubric, alternatively of rubric entirely. Their manorial Godhead gave serfs the rubric of provincial. They still performed many of their same undertakings, but were now paid for their work, instead than forced. The manorial Godhead would pay his provincials land, harvests, and money in exchange for work. While they were no longer forced to make they work, they were still non paid much but it was a measure in the right way. Peasants now were more well-thought-of, able to derive larger rubric, and did non hold to populate in fright of their Baron throwing them off his lands and going homeless. Taxs were a new construct of the new provincials. They had non paid them before under their Serfdoms. With the establishment of Manorial Lordships, and abolishment of Serfdoms, the now freed helot would hold to pay revenue enhancements, as did all provincials. The revenue enhancements from helot were collected straight by the Manorial Lords # 8217 ; revenue enhancement aggregators, and distributed to a separate fund for peasant revenue enhancements. The revenue enhancements for helot were really low, dwelling of around.05 % of their one-year income. However, when one considers the mean cost of life is 50 gold pieces a twelvemonth and you make merely 55 or so a twelvemonth, it can be a batch! Taxes collected from the provincials by the Manorial Lord were normally non needed. Payment from assorted lands and titleholders was more than plenty to pay for the care of the manor and revenue enhancements to the King. The Lords continued to take the revenue enhancements anyhow, and used them on points for themselves and their households. The public assistance of the common individual was besides an country influenced by Henry VIII. Before Henry, common mans were non treated good, overtaxed, overworked, and their life conditions were non good. Henry changed all that, get downing with the abolishment of Serfdoms, and go oning with husbandmans, and workers. Farmers before Henry were forced to maintain a run of all their harvests raised, and direct a part of them off to the proprietor of their lands. This normally was a big sum of their harvests, and it was hard for the husbandmans to pay it, and still gain gold and feed their households at the same clip. Henry made it so husbandmans did non hold to maintain path of their harvests, and kept all that they raised. This was a really good move by Henry, and it resulted in the growing of population, gold, and the felicity of the people. Workers were another group treated below the belt, until Henry changed that. Before Henry, workers worked to their soap, morning to dusk, and were paid really small, most of which went to revenue enhancements. Henry forced the people, who hired workers, to pay them more and decrease the revenue enhancements upon the workers. The workers were now able to afford the common cost of life, gain a small spot excess, and still pay their revenue enhancement mulct. This made the workers really happy, and therefore they worked harder, quicker, and more expeditiously than of all time before. Manorial Godheads were besides happier because despite their loss in net incomes, their people were happier, less taxed, and better workers, which he could state was a direct consequence of him, which it was non, and derive even more favour with the people. The upgrading of husbandman and worker life style by Henry VIII was a really good move, and it saw a new age of Renaissance civilization in Britain, with happier and richer people. Diplomacy was another topic greatly touched by Henry VIII. The chief marks for Henry were France, Scotland, and Ireland. The dealingss with these states were for the most portion, improved by Henry. In Henry # 8217 ; s clip, the memories of the Wars of the Roses were still fresh. The Wars of the Roses were a series of English civil wars between the baronial houses of York and London. The name came from the different colour roses of the houses, white for London, ruddy for York. No on in England wanted another civil war and neither did Henry. One of the grounds for the Wars of the Roses was France. With a long and hovering history of diplomatic negotiations with France, the two baronial houses opposed each other on what determination to do on France. York wished to occupy France, and travel to war, and London wished to stay impersonal, and travel to peace negotiations. On this subject the houses feuded, and finally took weaponries against each other, with London eventually procuring t he triumph, and re-uniting Britain. Henry took a new attack to diplomacy with France, he had none. He let the Gallic come to him, and they did. Gallic Lords and swayers likewise came and had negotiations with Henry, and at that place was peace between the states, for the first clip in a really long epoch. In all the old ages of Henry # 8217 ; s regulation, there were no wars or discontent in a major manner between the two states, a great achievement for both the parties involved. Scotland was besides of involvement to Henry, with its hostile Lords, warring kins, and un-chivalrist, un-technological Highlanders. To England, Scotland was an antediluvial state that would profit from British regulation. Henry believed this, but left Scotland to be ruled by itself. Some were against Henry # 8217 ; s determinations, but baronial and peasant alike, none wished another British and Scots struggle. So Henry left the Scots to themselves, and at that place was comparative peace between the two states. The Scots did good on their ain, yet some believed they would make better under British regulation, including Henry himself, but none would dispute Henry # 8217 ; s authorization, and pay a war over the control of the Scots. Ireland was a whole other subject of treatment for Henry. Ireland had long been under rude British regulation. They were oppressed, suffered, and treated as if they were a group of dairy cattles. Henry did non wish to give the Irish back their ain regulation, and done non desire to be as dreadfully oppressive as other swayers were. He allowed them free reign of their military, taking away the restraints on Ireland and their right to support themselves. He allowed individuals of wealth to keep rubric and land in Ireland, and loosened the revenue enhancements the Irish had to pay to Britain. The Irish were really happy with this, and for the most portion it worked out for the better for England every bit good. Henry VIII was really good with diplomatic n egotiations, and England saw itself prosper from it immensely. Henry VIII was one of the most influential and powerful swayers in all Britain # 8217 ; s history. While in his ulterior old ages, Henry was a spot insane due to his terrible instance of Diabetes, his state prospered and flourished like neer earlier. Peoples were happy, Lords were rich, the Irish and Scottish were non impolitely oppressed, and the French did non hold an enemy any longer. The state of Britain saw great rise and enlargement in Henry # 8217 ; s reign, including societal, economical, political, and all other countries as good. Henry # 8217 ; s reign was a great one and the state flourished from it. Works Cited Corbishley, Mike. The Middle Ages. Oxford: Facts on File, 1990. Delderfield, Eric R. Kings and Queens of England and Great Britain. London: Greenwich Editions, 1996. Grey, Lady Jane. Henry VIII 1509-1547. [ Online ] Available hypertext transfer protocol: //www.britannia.com/history/ladyjane/henry8.html, November 18,1998. The Henry VIII Page. [ Online ] Available hypertext transfer protocol: //www.geocities.com/SoHo/Studios/1344/henryviii2.html, November 18, 1998. Howarth, Sarah. The Middle Ages. London: Penguin Books, 1993. Morgan, Kenneth O. The Oxford Illustrated History of Britain. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984. Williams, Jay. Knights of the Crusades. New York: Meredith Press, 1962.

Ryan Todrank 10 October 2017 SWRK 150 Reflection # Essays

Ryan Todrank 10 October 2017 SWRK 150 Reflection #6 Neither corporations nor unions should be allowed to donate to political supporters at all. Both of those entities consist of members from all political parties. The First Amendment protects free speech. It pointedly does not discuss the speaker of that speech, so the origin of the speech is irrelevant to its protected status , whether it comes from a person or union or corporation, etc. There's a reason why the right-wing Heritage Foundation, the libertarian Cato Institute and the left-wing ACLU all united to back the court's decision . I t is clearly a Constitutionally based decision that re affirms the right to freedom of speech. The Supreme Court revisited the issue of campaign finance in early October, hearing arguments on a case that asks whether there should be a limit on the total amount that an individual can don ate to political candidates and political parties during an election cycle. In 1974, after the fallout from the Watergate scandal, laws were enacted that created the structure for campaign finance regulations. The laws capped the amount that an individual can directly donate to any one candidate or to a political party. If we out a ban on things like this people who have no money or funds to even compete in the big world of politics wouldn ' t have a chance. Even small donations can make a difference. Take Barrack Obama for example, he never would have ended up President if he didn ' t have tons of small donations